中国各省投资环境的空间动态的面板数据分析

根据1985-2007年间中国29个省、市、自治区的面板数据资料,将整个时间分为3个阶段,利用6个一级投资环境评价指标以及19个二级投资环境评价指标,对中国投资环境的变化进行空间、动态地分析。结果显示,中国投资环境在人力资源、开放化和产业化方面的发展很大,政策与法律环境在逐步完善,东部与中西部的投资环境差异逐渐缩小。     

推广新型农村养老保险的前瞻性分析

国家新型农村养老保险具有保险与福利的双重特征,能够调动广大农民的参保积极性;从试点地区的意见反馈来看,新型农村养老保险方案还存在着制度细节不完善、基层组织机构薄弱、保障水平较低以及资金保值增值困难等问题。要进一步提高新型农村养老保险的覆盖面,必须加强相关配套制度的建设,重视基层保障机构建设,加大财政投入力度,提高保障水平,强化农保基金管理,确保基金的保值与增值,从而使我国的农村养老保险成为真正的惠民工程。     

我国公共政策参与中公民层面的制约因素分析

在现代社会,公民积极主动地参与政府的公共政策,除了基于自身利益追求的参与动机外,实现和促进与全体社会成员相联系的公共利益也是一个重要动机。改革开放以后,在公民个体的政策参与逐渐增多的同时,我国以民间组织为主体的各种利益团体参与政府公共政策的活动也逐渐增多。同时在我国公民的公共政策参与过程中存在的问题也十分突出。公共政策参与中公民层面的制约因素主要包括参与意识不强、参与能力不足和参与的组织化程度不高3个方面。     

Evaluating modified generalized information criterion in presence of multicollinearity

When there are many explanatory variables in the regression model, there is a chance that some of these are intercorrelated. This is where the problem of multicollinearity creeps in due to which precision and accuracy of the coefficients is marred, and the quest to find the best model becomes tedious. To tackle such a situation, Model selection criteria are applied for selecting the best model that fits the data. Current study focuses on the evaluation of the four unmodified and four modified versions of generalized information criteria—Akaike Information Criterion, Schwarz's Bayes Information Criteria, Hannan-Quinn Information Criterion, and Akaike Information Criterion corrected for small samples. A simulation study using SAS software was carried out in order to compare the unmodified and modified versions of the generalized information criteria and to discover the best version amongst the four modified model selection criteria, for identifying the best model, when the collinearity assumption is violated. For the proposed simulation, two samples of size 50 and 100, for three explanatory variables X₁, X₂, and X₃, are drawn from Normal distribution. Two situations of collinearity violations between X₁ and X₂ are looked into, first when ρ = 0.6 and second when ρ = 0.8. The outcomes of the simulations are displayed in the tables along with visual representations. The results revealed that modified versions of the generalized information criteria are more sensitive in identifying models marred with high multicollinearity as compared to the unmodified generalized information criteria.     

Deconstructing maternal sensitivity: Predictive relations to mother‐child attachment in home and laboratory settings

Despite the well‐documented importance of parental sensitivity for child development, there is a lack of consensus regarding how best to assess it. We investigated the factor structure of maternal caregiving behavior as assessed at 12 months by the Maternal Behavior Q‐Sort (Pederson & Moran) with 274 mother‐infant dyads. Subsequently, we examined associations between these empirically‐derived dimensions and child attachment, assessed in the home and laboratory (final N = 157). Three dimensions of maternal behavior were identified, corresponding fairly closely to Ainsworth's original scales. They were labeled Cooperation/Attunement, Positivity, and Accessibility/Availability. Only Cooperation/Attunement consistently predicted home‐based attachment at 15 months and 2 years, and at comparable strength to the overall sensitivity score, suggesting that this construct may be central to sensitivity. At 18 months, compared to their primarily secure counterparts, different types of laboratory‐assessed insecure attachment were associated with different patterns of maternal behavior. Mothers in avoidant relationships (n = 18) were low on Cooperation/Attunement and Accessibility/Availability, but fairly high on Positivity. Mothers of disorganized infants (n = 11) were Cooperative/Attuned but somewhat less Positive toward, and less Accessible/Available to, their infants. A multidimensional approach to parental behavior may facilitate the identification of parenting precursors of insecure parent‐child relationships.     

Difference-based matrix perturbation method for semi-parametric regression with multicollinearity

This paper addresses the collinearity problems in semi-parametric linear models. Under the difference-based settings, we introduce a new diagnostic, the difference-based variance inflation factor (DVIF), for detecting the presence of multicollinearity in semi-parametric models. The DVIF is then used to device a difference-based matrix perturbation method for solving the problem. The electricities distribution data set is analyzed, and numerical evidences validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

使用PC1D 5.9模拟高效单晶硅太阳能电池

介绍了使用PC1D 5.9软件模拟高效单晶硅太阳能电池的方法。通过建立太阳能电池的结构模型和参数模型,在模拟的电池测试环境下,仿真得到太阳能电池的电压-电流曲线和量子效率曲线,并根据太阳能电池的理论,计算填充因子和转换效率的值。     

Blood Money: Bayer’s Inventory of HIV-Contaminated Blood Products and Third World Hemophiliacs

This article presents an overlooked case of research misconduct and violations of basic principles of medical and business ethics. When Bayer’s Cutter Laboratories realized that their blood products, Factor VIII and IX or antihemophiliac factor (AHF), were contaminated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the financial investment in the product was considered too high to destroy the inventory. Cutter misrepresented the results of its own research and sold the contaminated AHF to overseas markets in Asia and Latin America without the precaution of heat treating the product recommended for eliminating the risk. As a consequence, hemophiliacs who infused the HIV-contaminated Factor VIII and IX tested positive for HIV and developed AIDS.     

利率下降对我国居民跨期消费选择的影响分析

利率下降对居民跨期消费选择影响存在收入效应和替代效应.由于这两种效应对居民当期消费的作用方向完全相反,因而总效应要取决于这两种效应的强弱.对于我国中低收入居民来说,利率下降对其跨期消费选择的收入效应特别明显,替代效应则趋于零,因而降患反而会减少其当期消费数量.对于我国中高收入居民来说,利率下降对其跨期消费选择的替代效应在很大程度上被收入效应所抵消了,因而降息拉动其当期消费也不明显.为了刺激居民消费,除了实施降息政策以外,还必须采取其他政策与之配合.     

Reliability acceptance sampling plans for the Weibull distribution under accelerated Type-I censoring

Type-I censored reliability acceptance sampling plans (RASPs) are developed for the Weibull lifetime distribution with unknown shape and scale parameters such that the producer and consumer risks are satisfied. It is assumed that the life test is conducted at an accelerated condition for which the acceleration factor (AF) is known, and each item is continuously monitored for failure. Sensitivity analyses are also conducted to assess the effect of the uncertainty in the assumed AF on the actual producer and consumer risks, and a method is developed for constructing RASPs that can accommodate the uncertainty in AF.